Battle of Blore Heath - War of the Roses

Clash of Blore Heath - War of the Roses Clash of Blore Heath - Conflict Date: The Battle of Blore Heath was battled September 23, 1459, during the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). Armed forces Commanders: Lancastrian James Touchet, Baron AudleyJohn Sutton, Baron Dudley8,000-14,000 men Yorkists Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury3,000-5,000 men Clash of Blore Heath - Background: Open battling between the Lancastrian powers of King Henry VI and the Richard, Duke of York started in 1455 at the First Battle of St. Albans. A Yorkist triumph, the fight was a moderately minor commitment and Richard didn't endeavor to usurp the seat. In the four years that followed, an uncomfortable harmony settled over the different sides and no battling happened. By 1459, pressures had again risen and the two sides effectively started selecting powers. Building up himself at Ludlow Castle in Shropshire, Richard started calling troops for activity against the lord. These endeavors were countered by the Queen, Margaret of Anjou who was bringing men up on the side of her better half. Discovering that Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury was moving south from Middleham Castle in Yorkshire to join Richard, she dispatched a recently raised power under James Touchet, Baron Audley to catch the Yorkists. Walking out, Audley expected to set a trap for Salisbury at Blore Heath close to Market Drayton. Moving onto the fruitless heathland on September 23, he framed his 8,000-14,000 men behind an extraordinary support confronting upper east towards Newcastle-under-Lyme. Skirmish of Blore Heath - Deployments: As the Yorkists moved toward soon thereafter, their scouts recognized the Lancastrian flags which projected over the highest point of the support. Made aware of the enemys nearness, Salisbury shaped his 3,000-5,000 men for the fight to come with his left tied down on a wood and his privilege on his cart train which had been circumnavigated. Dwarfed, he expected to take on a cautious conflict. The two powers were isolated by Hempmill Brook which stumbled into the combat zone. Wide with steep sides and a solid current, the stream was a noteworthy obstacle for the two powers. Clash of Blore Heath - Fighting Begins: The battling opened with fire from the restricting militaries toxophilite. Because of the separation isolating the powers, this demonstrated to a great extent inadequate. Understanding that any assault on Audleys bigger armed force was bound to fizzle, Salisbury looked to draw the Lancastrians out of their position. To achieve this, he started a pretended retreat of his middle. Seeing this, a power of Lancastrian rangers charged forward, potentially without orders. Having achieved his objective, Salisbury restored his men to their lines and met the adversary ambush. Skirmish of Blore Heath - Yorkist Victory: Striking the Lancastrians as they crossed the stream, they repulsed the assault and incurred substantial misfortunes. Pulling back to their lines, the Lancastrians improved. Presently dedicated to the hostile, Audley drove a subsequent attack forward. This made more prominent progress and the greater part of his men crossed the stream and drew in the Yorkists. In a time of severe battling, Audley was struck down. With his demise, John Sutton, Baron Dudley, took order and drove forward an extra 4,000 infantry. Like the others, this assault demonstrated ineffective. As the battling swung in the kindness of the Yorkists, around 500 Lancastrians abandoned to the adversary. With Audley dead and their lines faltering, the Lancastrian armed force parted from the field in a defeat. Escaping the heath, they were sought after by Salisburys men to the extent the River Tern (two miles away) where extra losses were dispensed. Clash of Blore Heath - Aftermath: The Battle of Blore Heath cost the Lancastrians around 2,000 executed, while the Yorkists brought about around 1,000. Having crushed Audley, Salisbury stayed outdoors at Market Drayton before going ahead to Ludlow Castle. Worried about Lancastrian powers in the zone, he paid a neighborhood minister to fire an on gun the combat zone during that time to persuade them that the fight was continuous. Despite the fact that a definitive war zone triumph for the Yorkists, the triumph at Blore Heath was before long undermined by Richards rout at Ludford Bridge on October 12. Bested by the ruler, Richard and his children had to escape the nation. Chosen Sources UK Battlefields Resource Center: Battle of Blore HeathWars of the Roses: Blore Heath

7-Eleven Inquiry Largest Convenience and Petrol Retailers

Question: Talk about the7-Eleven Inquiry for Largest Convenience and Petrol Retailers. Answer: Presentation 7-Eleven is viewed as the biggest comfort and petroleum retailers in Australia. Reasonable Work Authorities of Australia was accepting standard reports on different mistakes in the representative wages records and real installment since 2008. Various requests occurred and on different focuses 7-Eleven specialists were rebuffed for different workers and wages related offense. April 2016, a report was submitted to Fair Work specialists who mirrored that again underpayment of wages to representatives and distortion of business records were going on in Australias biggest accommodation retailers (Gollan, 2009). The request revealed that 7-Eleven is purposely controlling the records to cover the underpayment of wages and at a concerning level defying the standards of the Fair Work Act 2009 and Fair Work Regulations 2009. The report likewise analyzes the explanation behind such conduct and rebelliousness of the franchisee of 7-Eleven model with Fair Work Act 2009. Scarcely any suggestions w ere made by the report to improve the working of the 7-Eleven in regards to giving advantages and rights to the representatives which they all were obligated of (Bussell Farrow, 2011). Reasonable Work Act has called the administration of the monster accommodation store 7-Eleven to present the plan of action that the organization is following that helps in empowering wage misrepresentation and unlawful work conditions in the establishment arrange over the world. According to the report, FWO states that 7-Eleven has purposefully blended the issue of pay misrepresentation in its establishment organize by flopping in utilizing the frameworks and strategies to discover the intentional specialist abuse occurring over the establishment arrange. After the report had got distributed, FWO finished up and requested that 7-Eleven go into a submission or consistence understanding. According to the report of FWO, it is being distinguished that laborers have acknowledged the come up short on culture of the organization and consequently they work for lower compensation and unlawful work conditions (James, 2016). FWO arranged and found a way to stop this hypothesis of tolerating th e things as they seem to be. Be that as it may, this end up being a difficult circumstance for FWO. The greater part of the franchisers of 7-Eleven were either new or late transients, and they didn't know about the mechanical laws should be trailed by them in Australia. This made a great deal of false works on with respect to compensation and stirred long periods of representatives to equip. It was normal from 7-Eleven that legitimate direction would be given to the franchisees by the work arrangement of Australia, however nothing of that looked for occurred. FWO couldn't make any stride against the franchisee and the organization in light of the fact that the franchisee doesn't go under the ward of FWO; it goes under the diversifying set of principles that is a piece of Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. All things considered, FWO was taking a shot at the representative privileges of 7-Eleven (Colvin, 2014). Over the most recent eight years FWO has led various strikes and reviews that have demonstrated genuine compensation fakes and consistence issues. The report obviously expresses that many establishment stores of 7-Eleven has purposefully drawn in themselves in paying their representatives less wages and making them work for longer hours. They have not kept up appropriate records of the representatives and their working hours and the installment made to them for their work. 7-Eleven by and large recruit visa-holder understudies who need cash however are not allowed to work all day. They prepare to work for only 10-12 $ every hour, while, Australia business framework has obviously expressed the base hour wages to be paid to representatives. FWO has clear evidences with respect to the issues of pay fakes occurring, however genuine advances were not taken by FWO to control these issues. FWO has quite recently sent a few notification to the organization and furthermore offered proposals t o it, yet severe activities were not a piece of it. FWO doesnt have the power to rebuff the franchisee stores those were discovered utilizing false practices (Massey, 2015). Every one of these years 7-Eleven has a sensible premise to ask about the cheats that were brought into light by the reviews and attacks of FWO. All things considered, FWO has not found a way to settle these issues. 7-Eleven consistently said that they need to go into the consistence with FWO, yet every opportunity they think of various focuses that they need to haggle with the FWO. In this way, they never really followed the proposals and suggestions made by the FWO. At whatever point FWO asked about the advancement made by the 7-Eleven they were constantly informed that the administration of 7-Eleven would ensure that all the representatives get their wages they are qualified for. FWO has likewise expressed that however 7-Eleven invited the adjustments in the plan of action and finance framework yet these prog ressions could have been brought before by the organization. FWO has been sending the request reports to the administration of 7-Eleven, however they have demonstrated an absence of responsibility to present any huge changes in its compensation framework or during the time spent checking on the stores and its working. These request reports remembered the subtleties for the deceitful works on occurring in the establishment stores over the system. FWO has inspected around 55 stores out of which in excess of 30% of stores were following fake practices in their compensation framework and records of workers. FWO started a program for the franchisors and franchisees to help them in consistence issues in their business, which was declined by 7-Eleven (Cox, 2016). The administration of the 7-Eleven is being said that they have acquired an extraordinary examination group that screens the issues identified with wages and records of representatives, and furthermore the biometric framework will be presented in the stores from mid 2016 as proposed by the FWO. This shows 7-Eleven has acknowledged the way that there are a ton of issues with the plan of action it is following. It acknowledges the duty of disposing of the dishonest practices from its business (Perez, 2015). Despite the fact that 7-Eleven says that it can't drop the franchisee for wage extortion because of the establishment contract which FWO repudiate, as indicated by them 7-Eleven has full option to drop the agreement of deceitful franchiser yet it isn't finding a way to do that. FWOs report determines the frail situation of FWO in examination with other managing laws and arrangements created and controlling in Australia (Nadasen, 2012). FWO doesnt have enough force that it can urge t he businesses and observers to be available in a meeting that is should have been taken to get an away from of the request led on the issue. This report likewise pressurizes the legislature of Australia to consider the present laws and arrangement of mechanical connection and check whether the punishments for the deceitful practices are sufficiently able to rebuff the guilty parties. On the off chance that these punishments were sufficient, at that point in excess of 30% of 7-Eleven franchisers would not have been reveled into false acts of pay extortion and control of representatives work records (Weiping Chen, 2011). There are numerous holes in the arrangement of modern relations because of which 7-Eleven extortion occurred. For the most part FWO doesnt have enough capacity to manage the individuals who were conflicting with the modern law and not giving the necessary advantages to its workers that they were at risk to. Absence of dynamic force is additionally an explanation that allowed 7-Eleven to rehearse the fakes for so long. Much after the request, reviews and assaults Fair Work Act couldn't choose the activity that should be taken against the unlawful practices rehearsed by the 7-Eleven (Nunweek, 2015). It was the administration divisions botch that offered capacity to such organizations to abuse their capacity and endeavor the representatives and their privileges. Proposals were given to 7-Eleven by the FWO like setting up of a save finance that assurances to reimburse laborers if on the off chance that the franchisee neglects to unravel the compensation irregularity, running a completely fledged CCTV framework in all the 7-Eleven establishments over the system, utilizing biometric time recording framework to record workers section and exit, and incorporation of representatives photographic ID. These proposals were made by FWO to acquire maintainability the way of life of consistence in the establishment organize and to ensure that all the records ar e kept appropriately. All the proposals made by FWO that ensures the evacuation of fake practices in the meeting (Creighton, 2011). FWO has prescribed not many answers for 7-Eleven that will assist the workers with getting their privileges and advantages in future. FWO has proposed 7-Eleven to set up an ensured support that will assist with reimbursing the representatives in the event that the franchisee neglects to way its workers the arranged wages. Along these lines none of the representatives will be abused and will be paid for the work they accomplished for the organization. Besides, FWO proposes that 7-Eleven franchisees ought to go into a consistence organization with Fair Work Act, which would help the organization in understanding a superior method to manage their representatives and furthermore data about the rights and advantages that a worker should provide for his representatives (ONeill, 2015). A biometric framework should be introduced in all the franchisees to keep the information of the working hours of the representatives. A biometric framework is a solid technique that will assist the organizat ion with protecting the workers information to get controlled by the franchisers. 7-Eleven do reviews of their franchisee which was not suggested by evaluating the present circumstances of the franchisee organize. FWO suggested drawing in outer evaluating party that may direct the yearly reviews of all the franchisees to get the right image of the genuine records of each franchisee (el-Ojeili, 2009). This deceitful practice taken up by the franchisers has left a negative effect on the picture of 7-Eleven. Along these lines, FWO proposed to openly tolerating the duties

Living in the Grey Challenging All-or-nothing Thinking

Living in the Grey Challenging All-or-nothing Thinking Eating Disorders Symptoms Print Living in the Grey How to Challenge All-or-nothing Thinking By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Updated on June 15, 2018 Christos Georghiou | Dreamstime.com More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention All-or-nothing thinking sometimes referred to as black-and-white thinking or dichotomous thinking, is one of the most common types of cognitive dysfunctions observed in patients with  eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. In Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy (1980), David Burns identified ten different types of cognitive distortions or inaccurate and problematic ways of viewing oneself and the world. Cognitive distortions may lead to negative emotions and problematic behaviors. For this reason, they are a primary target of cognitive-behavioral therapy. Some of the most common examples of all-or-nothing thinking in patients with eating disorders are creating a rigid dichotomy of good versus bad foods (and avoidance of those foods on the bad food list) and defining eating behavior as either good or bad. Let’s look at how this type of thinking may cause problems, such as binge eating, for a patient with an eating disorder. Jane: Good foods vs. bad foods Jane has a food rule that she doesn’t eat candy because it is a “bad food.” Jane gets a surprise delivery for Valentine’s Day: of a box of chocolates. Jane believes that chocolate is forbidden, but she decides just this once, to indulge. She has one chocolate, and then another. It is so enticing partially because she is normally not allowed to eat chocolate. After two pieces of chocolate, Jane feels upset with herself. She knows she has broken her food rule â€" she’s “been bad.” Then Jane thinks, “Oh well, I’ve already blown it, I might as well give up and eat more of them.” She might even think, “I’d better finish the box because then they won’t be here to tempt me tomorrow. I will go back to being good on my diet tomorrow.” Sound familiar? Jim: good eating behavior vs. bad eating behavior Jim often goes out for a burger with his friends from work. When he does, he either gets a green salad (when he is dieting and being “good”), or he has a double cheeseburger, fries, and a shake (when he is not dieting). He notices that when he is dieting and has only the green salad while all his buddies eat burgers, he ends up feeling sad and deprived and sometimes goes home and binge eats ice cream. On the other hand, at the times he eats the double cheeseburger, fries, and shake, he feels ill and berates himself for eating unhealthy. Either way, his rules leave him feeling distressed. Learning to live in the grey Recovery from an eating disorder involves learning to think and live in shades of grey. Living in the grey area means accepting that all foods in moderation can be part of a balanced and healthy diet. It means learning to incorporate fear foods. It means eating in a way that is flexible enough to be sustainable. It means embracing ambiguity. What would this look like for Jane and Jim? Jane could work on relaxing her rigid rule about chocolate being “bad” and working towards all foods being morally neutral. She can acknowledge that different foods have different nutritional values, but all can be included in a balanced diet. Once all foods are permitted, it will become easier to stop after a normal portion and she won’t have to face the distress of breaking a rule. She can learn to have a few pieces of chocolate and enjoy them. Jim could learn that he doesn’t have to vacillate between restricting or overindulging when he is out to eat with his friends. If he wants to have a cheeseburger, he can have a single cheeseburger with a side salad. This way he will likely not feel deprived but will be able to enjoy a more balanced and satisfying meal. He will ultimately be relieved of the shame of binge eating. A Word from Verywell Challenging all-or-nothing thinking can be scary, but it is an important element of recovery. It is important to note that addressing dysfunctional thoughts such as all-or-nothing thinking is but one element of cognitive-behavioral therapy, a leading evidence-based treatment for eating disorders. If you or a loved one is experiencing an eating disorder please reach out for help. Trained eating disorder professionals can help you develop more balanced thinking and healthy eating behaviors. Source Burns, David, 1980, Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy.

Dehumanization in Night, by Elie Wiesel Essay - 916 Words

In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book, Tender is the Night, Fitzgerald writes â€Å"He was so terrible that he was no longer terrible, only dehumanized†. This idea of how people could become almost unimaginably cruel due to dehumanization corresponds with the Jews experience in the Holocaust. The Holocaust was the ruthless massacre of Jewish people, and other people who were consider to be vermin to the predetermined Aryan race in the 1940s. One holocaust survivor and victim was Elie Wiesel, Nobel Peace Prize winner and author of Night. Wiesel was one of the countless people to go through the horrors of the concentration camps, which dehumanized people down to their animalistic nature, an echo of their previous selves. Dehumanization worsens over time†¦show more content†¦The son, who had been with his father through everything, abandoned Rabbi Eliahu for the mere chance he could come off better later. This further fits the idea that under harsh conditions, dehumanizat ion can lead to people betraying their own family. Another father -son relationship that falls apart occurs on the train ride to Buchenwald. After a German laborer had thrown a piece of bread into the train car full of staving people, the people on the train ruthlessly fought others for the bread. Among those was a father, who hid some bread to share with his son, who â€Å"threw itself over him [the father] †¦ the old man was crying: Meir, my little Meir! Don’t you recognize me †¦ You’re killing your own father† (p.101). The whole scene of people behave like animals to each other and even family members shows how that no one is even remotely like they were before the holocaust. For a single piece of bread, human beings are killing and fighting each other without even thinking about it. This is a glance at to how dehumanized those people were and how they stopped remotely caring about other living people. As Elie watches everything unfold throughout th e book, he struggles to keep his past self. As Elie was dehumanized, many previous aspects of his personality regress into nothingness along with himself. At the start of Night, Elie is an innocent kid, devoted to both religion and God. As he spends time in the concentration camps, and sees unbearableShow MoreRelatedExamples Of Dehumanization In Night By Elie Wiesel844 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel Night by Elie Wiesel is about a protagonist’s personal experience during World War II as a Jew. Despite ominous signs, among many other Jews, Wiesel and his family failed to vacate, because they believed that the Fascists would not maltreat them. Consequently, the Jews were sent to concentration camps. Since the Jews were isolated and deprived of positive human qualities, the concentration camps connect to alienation and dehumanization. Moreover, it violates Human Rights. For example, theRead MoreExamples Of Dehumanization In Night By Elie Wiesel760 Words   |  4 PagesIn the m emoir, Night , by Elie Wiesel is about Elie’s experience with the Holocaust. In the many work camps he traveled, he witnessed many cases of dehumanization. The word â€Å"Dehumanization† means a group of people assert the inferiority of another group. The humans that are inferior think that race of people shouldn’t deserve of moral consideration. When the Wiesel’s arrived at Birkenau, reception center for Auschwitz; Wiesel experienced his first case of dehumanization when he gets separated fromRead MoreEffects Of Dehumanization In Night By Elie Wiesel2004 Words   |  9 Pagesself-confessed, â€Å"if you tell a big enough lie and tell it frequently enough, it will be believed.† Hitler used propaganda as a method to dehumanize Jews in the eyes of others. Dehumanization affected the entire nation: families were split apart. Also, Jews were forced to go into concentration camps or ghettos. Dehumanization affected the entire nation: families split apa rt and sent to ghetto camps. Many citizens ended up accepting the word of the Nazis, which caused a war to advance. Many citizensRead MoreEssay on Dehumanization in Night by Elie Wiesel1795 Words   |  8 PagesDehumanization in Night In the novel, Night, Elie Wiesel narrates his experience as a young Jewish boy during the holocaust.   The captured Jews are enslaved in concentration camps, where they experience the absolute worst forms of torture, abuse, and inhumane treatment.   Such torture has obvious physical effects, but it also induces psychological changes on those unfortunate enough to experience it. However, these mutations of their character and morality cannot be accredited toRead MoreThe Common Theme Of Dehumanization In Night By Elie Wiesel1421 Words   |  6 Pagesfood to live. All of these situations and more is what the Jews went through during the Holocaust. During the period of 1944 - 1945, a man by the name of Elie Wiesel was one of the millions of Jews that were experiencing the wrath of Hitler’s destruction in the form of intense labor and starvation. The novel Night written by the same man, Elie Wiesel, highlights the constant struggle they faced every single day during the war. From the first acts of throwing the Jews into ghettos, to the grueling intensiveRead MoreThe Effects Of Dehumanization In Night Before The War By Elie Wiesel904 Words   |  4 PagesDehumanization, although a concrete historical fact, is not a given destiny but the result of an unjust order that engenders violence in the oppressors, which in turn dehumanizes the oppressed† (Paulo Freire). No is born violent or racist. It is only when somet hing unjust happens, that a person feels the need to dehumanize the oppressed or themselves, even. Elie Wiesel is a perfect example of someone who experiences this dehumanization, and bears the effects of it. In his memoir Night, beforeRead MoreExamples Of Dehumanization In The Book Night1183 Words   |  5 Pageseverything they have, treating them like animals, and taking their lives. These are all examples of dehumanization that millions of Jews experienced during the Holocaust. The book, Night, by Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel, provides an overview of Elie’s experiences during the Holocaust, and there were a multitude of ways that Elie and his inmates were dehumanized. It all started in 1944, when Elie and his family were deported from their home in Sighet and taken to the Auschwitz concentration campRead MoreAnalysis of Night874 Words   |  4 Pages1 â€Å"Faith is Lost in the Night† The horrible accounts of the holocaust are vividly captured by Elie Wiesel in Night, an award winning work by a Holocaust survivor. It describes his time in the Holocaust and helps the reader fully understand the pain he went through. In the text, Elie continuously mentions how he is losing his faith to god. It is evident that he has nearly, if not completely lost his faith during the events of the holocaust. In the memoir, Night, Elie Wiesel’s faith changes becauseRead MoreHow Were The Jews Dehumanized By The Nazis?931 Words   |  4 Pagesanimals. Elie Wiesel, surviver of the Holocaust, explains dehumanization in his autobiography Night. Night takes its reader through an amazing realization of how the people changed from civilized humans to vicious and animal-like. Each event that happens to Elie and the Jews, strips away pieces of their humanity. The Nazis dehumanize the Jews by robing them of their beloved possessions. The dehumanization that happens to Elie and the Jews starts in Sighet, a little town in Transylvania. Elie and theRead MoreImagery Of Joseph Wiesel s Night1453 Words   |  6 Pages Imagery of Dehumanization in Night Hate begins to grow, and in the case of the Holocaust, this incessant hatred led to the identification of all Jews, the deportation of millions of people from their homes, the concentration in the camps, and extermination of entire families and communities at once. For nearly a decade, Jews, prisoners-of-war, homosexuals, and the disabled were rounded up, sent off to camps, and systematically slaughtered in unimaginably inhumane ways. Elie Wiesel, a Holocaust survivor

Occupy Wall - 1824 Words

Running Head: Occupy Wall Street Movement Occupy Wall Street By: Barbara Manley Business 309 Professor: Dr. Badowski January 29, 2013 Running Head: Occupy Wall Street Movement 1 Occupy Wall Street Movement The Occupy Wall Street Movement came about in September of 2011. This was a movement about corporate money ant the influences it has on the politics. Many supported this movement because they felt that politics† supported corporate greed, as well as financial and social inequality.† (Haidt, 2012). One moral view of this was focused on democracy, which must were lead to believe was controlled mostly money and not the people which is what a democracy is supposed to be focused on. Those who supported (OWS) Occupy Wall Street believed†¦show more content†¦This will leave no room for guessing and trying to figure out what they are really trying to convey. For example if a person in a position of power is seeking to take advantage of a situation they tend to try to hide that fact but it usually comes out when they are call out about certain things they have been doing and then they try to cover those things up, but in the end the ethics theory will speak for itself. Determine who is responsible for income inequality and wealth distribution in the U.S. in your analyze make sure to include if this is something that happened suddenly or if it built up over time. Explain your rationale. I would have to say that the government is responsible for the income inequality and wealth distribution in the U.S. that we see today, this has been like this for years, many the people that are in higher paying positions are those of power and influence and they don’t have to abide by the same rules as those who are considered middle class, or lower class, they don’t pay their taxes like they should and those who are less fortunate than them are left to bare the burden, the upper class folks pretty much run the economy and could care less about those who can barely make their daily needs and provide for their family. We can go backShow MoreRelatedThe Occupy Wall Street1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe Occupy Wall Street began in fall of 2011 in response to an email which was sent by online publication Adbusters. In this call-to-arms, those without jobs or other such responsibilities were urged to make their way to Manhattan for a long-term civil protest. The purpose of this gathering would be to decry the prevalence of corruption in the United States government, specifically as it related to Wall Street. (Economic Sociology and Political Economy)The physical movement began in a private NewRead MoreOccupy Wall Street1528 Words   |  7 PagesOccupy Wall Street By: Jennifer Pates 2/1/2013 Professor Chester Galloway Bus301: Business Ethics I have to admit that even though the Occupy Wall Street Movement has been all over the news I did not truly understand the stance of it, nor did I really get involved with it. While doing research for this paper I was able to get a better understanding of the basis of the movement as well as the facts pertaining to it. The movement started on Wall Street but has spread across the US. The basisRead MoreOccupy Wall Street1600 Words   |  7 PagesOccupy Wall Street BUS 309 February 4, 2013 Occupy Wall Street (OWS) is the name given to a protest movement that began on September 17, 2011 in Zuccotti Park, located in New York Citys Wall Street financial district. The Canadian group and magazine Adbusters initiated the call for protest with assistance from the Manhattan-based public relations firm Workhorse, who was well-known for its successful work on brands including Mercedes and Saks Fifth Avenue. The ensuing series of events helpedRead MoreOccupy Wall Street2846 Words   |  12 PagesAmerica (US) experienced a financial crisis which affected the rest of the world. Investment banks and Wall Street crashed. It left a good portion of US citizens in debt, unemployed, homeless, etc. As a result, Occupy Wall Street became a movement to demonstrate that the people have had enough and started protesting and voicing their opinions. In terms of globalization, the development of ‘Occupy’ movements have altered the notion of social movements to which it is not just about highlighting andRead MoreOccupy Wall Street Essay850 Words   |  4 PagesOccupy Wall Street’s opposing expression of the disparity between the wealthy and the poor may have begun in good faith by utilizing the Freedom of Speech and General Assembly amendment rights, but the strategies some of the protestors have demonstrated are resulting in adverse reactions against themselves. The Occupy Wall Street movement will assuredly cost affected cities in the double digits of millions of dollars. Increases in payroll, overtime, and business expenses will inadvertently backfireRead MoreOccupy Wall Street Movement1039 Words   |  5 PagesOccupy Wall Street Movement Moral and Ethical Implications Occupy Wall Street Movement Moral and Ethical Implications The Occupy Wall Street Movement that started in September 2011 in Liberty Square in the Finical District was movement organized by people to expose corruptions in cooperate America. The Occupy Wall Street Movement was known, as the peaceful protest due to it’s non-violent, non-aggressive nature and spread to over a one hundred and fifty cities crossRead MoreThe Occupy Wall Street Movement1625 Words   |  7 PagesStarted on September 17, 2011, the Occupy Wall Street Movement began in the Financial District of New York City and has received resonance in other American cities as well as to 82 other countries. Concentrating on how the current economic system has affected peoples’ lives, the movement raised issues about the lack in democracy of the financial system, social and economic inequality, and the connection between financial and political power. The income inequality between the rich and the poor wasRead MoreOccupy Wall Street Movement1612 Words   |  7 P agesOccupy Wall Street Movement Business Ethics 309 Discuss the moral and economic implications involved in the movement. September 17, 2011 is the day the Occupy Wall Street (OWS) movement began in Zuccotti Park, located in New York City. The main issues include social and economic inequality, greed, corruption and the undue influence of corporations on government according to The New York Times. The mix of moral foundations based on ideas from the anthropologist Richard Shweder, outline sixRead MoreThe Occupy Wall Street Movement1982 Words   |  8 PagesThe Occupy Movement is an international activist movement that fosters social and economic change and originated from the actions of the Occupy Wall Street movement (source #7). The focus is on the Occupy Wall Street movement that was launched on September 17th 2011 and was catalysed by Adbusters activist Micah White. White created a web page about the corruption that was happening surrounding the financial crisis in the United States leading to the most recent recession. Large corporations basedRead MoreThe Occupy Wall Street Movement Essay1049 Wor ds   |  5 Pages Occupy Wall Street has been called many things including: unfocused, ungrounded, and silly. Others coin it as â€Å"America’s first internet-era movement† (Rushkoff). In quintessence, Occupy Wall Street is a series of protests and demonstrations that oppose the influence that corporate greed has on American Democracy. The protestors manipulate marches and nonviolent demonstrations to express their dissatisfaction with the state of American Politics and economy. This relates to the political science

A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen - 869 Words

A Doll’s House was written in 1879 by Henrik Ibsen. The play takes place in a suburban Europe surrounding a middle-class family. Nora, the female protagonist is quite different from the social norms portrayed during this time period. The play focuses on the controversial topic of the change in social norms. Throughout the play, Ibsen utilizes theme, characterization, and symbolism to explain the injustices of inequality faced by women in Europe as well as countries. A Doll’s House took place in the 19th century, surrounding a suburban family. The theme of this play is a marriage and to show the marital expectations that come with this era. Society stands for marriage included that the woman is submissive to the man, something that Nora dreamed of defying, How painful and humiliating it would be for Torvald †¦to know that he owed me anything! It would upset our mutual relations altogether (Ibsen). The relationship between Nora and her husband Torvald is set up as a means of maintaining the male dominance. In addition to marriage, the play also discusses women and femininity. The way, husbands treated their spouse was as if they were a meaningless doll or other names to dehumanize her, Is it my little squirrel bustling about? (Ibsen). Torvald, by constantly giving his wife, pet names, dehumanizes his wife to something insignificant and less than human. For a reader or audience to truly understand the message behind a piece of work, one must understand the theme. Theme isShow MoreRelatedHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House1563 Words   |  7 Pages In the play, A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen, the title itself symbolizes the dependent and degraded role of the wife within traditional marriages. Ibsen portrayed the generous nature root into women by society, as well as the significant action of this nature, and lastly the need for them to find their own voice in a world ruled by men. Ibsen wrote this play in 1879, this is the era where women were obedient to men, tend the children until their husband came home, and stood by the Cult of DomesticityRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1717 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Doll, a Partner, and a Change† Social movement of women liberation toward equal rights and independence has been a big subject in human history. It happens not only in Europe but also all over the world. Though making progress, this movement has been advancing slowly and encountered backslashes from time to time. Maybe there is something deeply hidden which the society has not figured out yet, even women themselves. What do women want, freedom or good life? Most of the time, they are notRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1291 Words   |  6 Pages A Doll s House by Henrik Ibsen, is a play that has been written to withstand all time. In this play Ibsen highlights the importance of women’s rights. During the time period of the play these rights were neglected. Ibsen depicts the role of the woman was to stay at home, raise the children and attend to her husband during the 19th century. Nora is the woman in A Doll House who plays is portrayed as a victim. Michael Meyers said of Henrik Ibsen s plays: The common denominator in many of IbsenRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1288 Words   |  6 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is based in the Victorian society of the 19th century. It assesses the many struggles and hardships that women faced because of marriage â€Å"laws† that were crucial during that time period. The society was male- dominated with no equality. Nora is the protagonist in A Doll’s House and the wife of a man named Torvald. This play is about Nora’s voyage to recognizing her self- determination and independence. She transforms from a traditional, reserved woman to a new, independentRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1298 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"There is beauty in truth, even if it s painful. Those who lie, twist life so that it looks tasty to the lazy, brilliant to the ignorant, and powerful to the weak. But lies only strengthen our defects. They don t teach anything, help anything, fix anything or cure anything. Nor do they develop one s character, one s mind, one s heart or one s soul.† (Josà © N. Harris). Nora Helmer’s choice to lie and deceive is inappropriate and wrong for women to do to her husband during this time period; itRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1037 Words   |  5 PagesHenrik Ibsen s A Doll s House is a work of literature genius. This three-act play involves many literary technics that are undermined by the average reader such as the fact that the plot shows the main characters Torvald and his wife Nora live the perfect life. An ironic paradox based around the fact that Nora and Torvald’s relationship is the complete opposite of perfect. Also, bringing upon a conflict as well, appearance versus reality. These little hidden meanings within stories are what areRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play â€Å"A Doll House† was set in the Victorian era, a time where women were highly respected. Women in this time period did not work, they had nannies to take care of their children and maids to take care of their homes. Many women had no real responsibilities, they spent their time having tea parties and socializing with their friends. Henrik Ibsen dared to show the realism of the Victorian era while everyone else would only focus on the romantic aspect. In the play, â€Å"A Doll House†Read MoreA Doll s House : Henrik Ibsen962 Words   |  4 PagesDrama Analysis A Doll’s House (Henrik Ibsen) And Trifles (Susan Glaspell) In comparing both dramas, the overwhelming aspect of convergence between both is the open discussion of gender identity. Both dramas make similar points about what it means to be a woman. Modern society in both dramas is constructed with men holding power over women. This is seen in Trifles in how men like George Henderson and Mr. Hale are myopic. The premise of the drama is how women worry over trifles, and the dismissiveRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1421 Words   |  6 PagesIn A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen examines conventional roles of men and women in the nineteenth century. In the play, Nora exemplifies the conventional feminine standard during that period. She seems to be powerless and confines herself through high standard expectations, demonstrating what the role of a women would be as a wife and mother. The protagonist of A Doll’s House is a woman named Nora Helmer. Ibsen shows how Nora’s design of perfect life gradually transforms when her sec ret unravels. InRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen876 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen A Doll’s House takes place in the home of Torvald and Nora Helmer. Through conversation with Nora’s good friend Kristine Linde it is revealed that Mr. Helmer was ill around the same time Nora’s father died. Luckily Nora’s father left her enough money that Torvald and Nora could go on a life saving trip to Italy. But the truth comes out when we find out Nora’s father did not leave her a penny. We find out that Nora got a hold of the money through a loan but she signed

Extending Conceptual Boundaries Employment - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Extending Conceptual Boundaries Employment. Answer: Introduction The conceptual boundaries at the workplace create the significant impact on the employees. The increasing complexity in the work environment has been excluding the voluntary works from the sociological understanding of the work. The current work culture signifies the implementation of the innovative procedures (Holdsworth and Brewis 2014). The journal article, Work, Employment, and Society discusses the conceptual form of sociology of work in extending the voluntary boundaries. Currently, the assumptions have taken place by developing two different and discreet activities, such as unpaid domestic labour in the private sphere and paid employment in the public sphere (Schulze 2015). The study would present the critical analysis of the research process used in this journal article. The appropriateness or the shortfall of using the research approach and techniques would be analyzed in this study. Core Concept The conceptual analysis of work is currently devalued by the theorists and researchers. It is assumed that the conceptual analysis of work is constituted by two discreet and separate activities, such as unpaid domestic workers in the private sphere and paid employment in the public sphere (Taylor 2003). The economic relations or the gender relation models are conceptualized as two different forms of work that creates the clear understanding among the individuals. The study develops the ideas about the voluntary work environment, which signifies the epistemological problems visible at the workplace. It is necessary to re-conceptualize work before developing the concerns regarding the paid and non-paid working culture. The article specifies the historical construction of the conceptual dichotomy, which exists within the field of sociology of work. Cobb et al. (2014) argued that the work-based theoretical models, such as gender model and economic models are mere concerns associated with the industrial capitals. The complete structure of the work identities and work practices determine the development of the working lives. The conceptual framework is structured to constitute the ideas of the social theorists who show their keen interests in developing innovative working procedures. The conceptual framework describes the individual level that provides the glimpse of different form of labour. In order to express the situational aspects in work practices among the paid employees in public sphere and unpaid employments in the private spheres, the research process has utilized a particular form of methodology. Appropriateness of Using Research Methods (Techniques and Design) The research process is based on the work sociology visible among the people who work in both public sphere and private sphere. In order to derive the ideas about the work practices and culture, the study has followed the mixed method research. In this process, the interviewees have taken participation in the qualitative session (Cousins and Robey 2015). The findings received from their discussions are presented in a form of secondary analysis. Some set of findings are presented in the research study and the further section would establish the critical analysis based on the appropriateness. In this research process, twenty-nine people took the participation in the interview session. The deductive approach is selected in this process to define their perceived values and assumptions regarding the work culture. Among those twenty nine employees, 13 people worked unpaid or paid at the North End Community and Refugee Project, which was located in London. On the other hand, the rest of the employees worked for a Home Counties branch of Care Aid, which is a national health care charity (Barley 2015). The motto of this research is to identify the volunteering environment within the work culture. It is notable that these two organizations belong to different spectrum of the voluntary organizations. The paid and unpaid employees are in the positions ranging from president to office managers. Some of them were from ESOL teacher to care assistant. The questions asked in the interview session were concerned with the work practices and ideologies of the workers while performing their activities at their workplace (Obeidat, Mitchell and Bray 2016). These questions also determined the visible nature of the relationships between the various forms of works in different point of lives. The impact of the gender and class identity is also taken into consideration in this interview session. It has been observed some of the workers work as the full-time paid employees whereas a minimal amount of workers work as the part-time employees. The remaining people in the interview session belong to different groups, such as retired, students, unemployed, or supported by their families. The major focus of this interview was to identify the formal structure process of the voluntary works. In this interview session, the working nature of five individuals in the voluntary work culture was discussed. It has been observed that the people involved with the voluntary works sometimes may feel the sociological influence even if they are paid or unpaid by the institutes or organizations. Blomme, Kodden and Beasley-Suffolk (2015) argued that in todays world, many of the volunteer management are focusing on the similarities between the employees and the volunteers. It depends on the procedures followed by both of the groups to work successfully and achieve the pre-determined goals. However, in this interview session, the experiences of these individuals have been highlighting mostly the issues in their working life. The conceptual ideas about the work are also discussed in this interview session. It is to be argued that the researcher has used the deductive approach in which the hypothetical discussion has been developed. The issues regarding their experiences and work practices have been highlighted in an argumentative way. If the researcher would have used the inductive approach, it would be clearer to define the underlying concept of work. If the voluntary management was accepted in the practical form, it would be noticed that it tends to push the volunteers into uniformity more than the recognition of their potentiality (Brown 2015). The interview session reveals that the voluntary period at the workplace creates the greater influence on their careers. The survey process, on the contrary, reveals the quantitative analysis to understand the dominant perspectives of the people who have been working in the voluntary work environment. Criticism based on the use of the research techniques The descriptive technique is presented in this study to explore the conceptual analysis of the works in the paid and non-paid spheres. The technique is generally highlighting the obstacles faced by the individuals in their career path while working as the volunteer. One of the interviewees revealed the paid and unpaid situations faced while providing the care and support to the terminally ill patients. Charlwood et al. (2014) explained that not every individual would like to work I the volunteer positions they would not be getting paid. The non-exempt employees are usually appointed for employee furlough in which they would be paid for the specific working hours. The explanatory research would have been more relevant in this aspect. The explanatory research reveals both the negative and the positive influence of the associated individuals in the real life scenario. The psychological assumptions are presented in the techniques used by the researcher in this research study. Williams (2 014) revealed that the working lives of the people usually do not end at their retirement period. Many people continue working in the public sphere even as the volunteer. One of the interviewees, Bob, is the example of such individual who did not give up on his works. He involved with a retirement complex to help his wife. The job was unpaid and he was associated with the fundraising activities. Bob was quite devoted to his work even after not receiving the proper wages. The analysis of the responses received from the interviewees determines that work could be conceptualized in more inclusively to understand the complexity level. Therefore, it can be argued that the selection of the different techniques would have revealed the appropriate structure of the work models that define the perceptive values of the employees those who are paid and unpaid. It depends on the procedures followed by both of the groups to work successfully and achieve the pre-determined goals. However, in this i nterview session, the experiences of these individuals have been highlighting mostly the issues in their working life. The conceptual ideas about the work are also discussed in this interview session. Discussion and Analysis It is observed that the social context is mostly highlighted in analyzing the social context of the labour organization. The extent of the unpaid work depends on the subsistence degree, which is separated from the paid employment in a society. Under the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act, the local wage and hour laws are regulated (Adams 2015). Therefore, as per the regulations, the volunteers or the interns are to be involved in both public and private sphere. Under this regulation, the individuals will not be considered as the employees if they are associated with the public service, humanitarian objectives, or any religious purpose. In usual cases, the volunteers serve on a part-time basis and they cannot be appointed in the positions of the permanent employees (Cushen and Thompson 2016). On the other hand, the volunteer cannot permanently take the position of an employee since they do not receive the compensation or any reasonable benefits. The findings obtained from the interview session provide the ideas about the issues with the volunteers. However, apparently, the information lacks the concept clarifications regarding the voluntary works. The economic relations or the gender relation models are conceptualized as two different forms of work that creates the clear understanding among the individuals. The study develops the ideas about the voluntary work environment, which signifies the epistemological problems visible at the workplace. It is necessary to re-conceptualize work before developing the concerns regarding the paid and non-paid working culture (Weiss, Klein, and Grauenhorst 2014). If these workers are not receiving their wages, they would not be considered as the employees. The focus should be based on their working hours and their job roles. It is notable that despite of the negative perception about the volunteering work, people tend to praise them for their good work. The dedication and enthusiasm level is highly appreciated by the institutes that appoint them for any particular event. If the voluntary management was accepted in the practical form, it would be noticed that it tends to push the volunteers into uniformity more than the recognition of their potentiality (Boxall and Macky 2014). The interview session reveals that the voluntary period at the workplace creates the greater influence on their careers. Therefore, it has been recognized that the research technique used in this journal is quite inappropriate. It generally discusses the one side of the voluntary process whereas the positive aspects are also needed to be revealed. The complete structure of the work identities and work practices determine the development of the working lives (Chesley 2014). The conceptual framework is structured to constitute the id eas of the social theorists who show their keen interests in developing innovative working procedures. The application of more appropriate techniques would have been better to explore the concept of work practices in the voluntary field. Conclusion The objective of the journal is to present the voluntary work practices of the employees in the non-paid private sphere and paid public sphere. The paid and unpaid employees are in the positions ranging from president to office managers. Some of them were from ESOL teacher to care assistant. The questions asked in the interview session were concerned with the work practices and ideologies of the workers while performing their activities at their workplace. The interview session reveals that the voluntary period at the workplace creates the greater influence on their careers. Therefore, it has been recognized that the research technique used in this journal is quite inappropriate. It generally discusses the one side of the voluntary process whereas the positive aspects are also needed to be revealed. The complete structure of the work identities and work practices determine the development of the working lives. The involvement of the inductive research assumptions and the evaluation o f the explanatory techniques would have been more appropriate to present the in-depth analysis of the voluntary work practices. References Adams, T.L., 2015. Sociology of professions: international divergences and research directions.Work, employment and society,29(1), pp.154-165. Barley, W.C., 2015. Anticipatory work: how the need to represent knowledge across boundaries shapes work practices within them.Organization Science,26(6), pp.1612-1628. Blomme, R.J., Kodden, B. and Beasley-Suffolk, A., 2015. Leadership theories and the concept of work engagement: Creating a conceptual framework for management implications and research.Journal of Management Organization,21(2), pp.125-144. Boxall, P. and Macky, K., 2014. High-involvement work processes, work intensification and employee well-being.Work, Employment and Society,28(6), pp.963-984. Brown, A.D., 2015. Identities and identity work in organizations.International Journal of Management Reviews,17(1), pp.20-40. Charlwood, A., Forde, C., Grugulis, I., Hardy, K., Kirkpatrick, I., MacKenzie, R. and Stuart, M., 2014. Clear, rigorous and relevant: publishing quantitative research articles in Work, employment and society. Chesley, N., 2014. Information and communication technology use, work intensification and employee strain and distress.Work, employment and society,28(4), pp.589-610. Cobb, C., McCarthy, T., Perkins, A., Bharadwaj, A., Comis, J., Do, B. and Starbird, K., 2014, February. Designing for the deluge: understanding supporting the distributed, collaborative work of crisis volunteers. InProceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work social computing(pp. 888-899). ACM. Cousins, K. and Robey, D., 2015. Managing work-life boundaries with mobile technologies: An interpretive study of mobile work practices.Information Technology People,28(1), pp.34-71. Cushen, J. and Thompson, P., 2016. Financialization and value: why labour and the labour process still matter.Work, employment and society,30(2), pp.352-365. Holdsworth, C. and Brewis, G., 2014. Volunteering, choice and control: a case study of higher education student volunteering.Journal of Youth Studies,17(2), pp.204-219. Obeidat, S.M., Mitchell, R. and Bray, M., 2016. The link between high performance work practices and organizational performance: Empirically validating the conceptualization of HPWP according to the AMO model.Employee Relations,38(4), pp.578-595. Schulze, M., 2015. Vacancies-eyesores or/and (new) chances of identification for communities: How to support initiatives of people and their voluntary work to successfully breath new life into unoccupied buildings.Perspectives on Community Practices: Living and Learning in Community, p.279. Taylor, R. (2003). Extending Conceptual Boundaries: Work, Voluntary Work and Employment.Work, Employment Society: Sage Publication, 18(29), pp.1-22. Weiss, F., Klein, M. and Grauenhorst, T., 2014. The effects of work experience during higher education on labour market entry: learning by doing or an entry ticket?.Work, employment and society,28(5), pp.788-807. Williams, C.C., 2014. Out of the shadows: a classification of economies by the size and character of their informal sector.Work, employment and society,28(5), pp.735-753.

Types Of Love In Romeo And Juliet Essay Example For Students

Types Of Love In Romeo And Juliet Essay Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is a play about twolovers separated by their feuding families. From forth thefatal loins of these two foes a pair of star-crossed loverstake their life.(Pro.I.6) The two foes Shakespeare speaks ofare the Montagues and the Capulets. Their hate for eachother is great and violent. The hate of the two families isshown early with a street brawl. The hate causes the loversto hide their love from their families until the very end. after Romeo and Juliet died in the Caplulet tomb the twofamilies see their hate and reconcile for the love of theirbeloved children. Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet reviledlove as a war as a religion as a malady and as a cult. We will write a custom essay on Types Of Love In Romeo And Juliet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The theme of love, which he explains in other keys inplays before and after remain central, though now it is toidealized in all seriousness(Sauffer 29). All through theplay Shakespeare constantly held love as the basis of theplay. The actual ethical energy of the drama resides in its Wise,2realization of the purity and intensity of ideal love. Herethere is no swerving(Stauffer 32). Stauffer believes that Romeo and Juliets love was pure and intense also it isconstant ever since the they lay eyes on each other. Romeoand Juliets love is a perfect blending of body and soul. The obstacle which is a feature of the amour-passionlegend is partly external, the family feud; but is partly asword of the lovers won tempering since, unlike earliertellers of the story, Shakespeare leaves us with noexplanation of why Romeo did not put Juliet on his horse andmake for Manturia(Mahood 392). If Romeo would leave Veronawith his love Juliet both will live with each other andcould be in love till they are old and gray, but insteadRomeo leaves with out his love and die young with eachother. The love of Romeo and Juliet is immediate violent andfinal. In the voyage of the play they abandon themselves toa rudderless course that must end in ship wreck(Mahood 392). Thou desperate pilot, now at once run on thedashing rocks, thy sea sick weary burke: He eresmy Louve.(V.iiii 117-119)The theme of Romeo and Juliet is love and violence andtheir interactions. In it these two mightiest of mightyopposites meet each other squarely and one wins(Goddard118). The whole secrete of the play is that the deaths of Wise,3the lovers are not the result of the hatred of the houses,nor of any other cause except love itself, which seeks deathin its own restoring cordial. Love conquers death even moresurly than it defeats hate. It sweeps aside all accidentsso that fate itself seems powerless. Time is defeated, inthat first stirring of a belief that Shakespeare came laterto trust completely: that the intensity of an emotion towersabove its temporal duration or success(Stauffer 32). WhatStauffer is trying to say is that love is very powerful andeven in death the love continues. Romeo finds Julietssleeping body after she had drank the potion, and hebelieves her to be de ad. Romeo is slain when Juliet wakesup from here sleep. Out of fear and love she inserts adagger into her heart with the famous line Oh happydagger. Even though the two lovers are dead their lovecontinues. The love between Romeo and Juliet was forbidden by thetwo families because of their hatred for each other. Mostreligions say to honor your parents and if their parents newof the love it could have been disaterious. After Juliet marries Romeo the Nurse tries to convinceJuliet to commit bigamy. She wants here to marry Paris sothat all will be right with here father and the rest of theCapulet family, Juliet refuses. .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f , .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .postImageUrl , .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f , .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f:hover , .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f:visited , .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f:active { border:0!important; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f:active , .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua11fb13126f1c02c940c9d353fa5b01f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Suriname EssayWise,4At the time Romeo meets Juliet, he is infatuated with awoman named Roseline. Romeos moon struck calf-love forRosaline must be laughed out of him by his friends Benvolioand Mercutio, by his guide Friar Lawrence and by his owntrue love. For Romeo doting upon Rosalin, love was maladyand religion; for Mercutio it is sheer lunacy or a brutalconquest(Mahood 398). Mercutios realm of love was lust, also very falseby nature. For all the bad things the be said about lust,it is where all the jokes are and Mercutio being a jokerused it to his full advantage. In trying to call Romeo overthe wall, he tried a certain amount of discussion aboutRoslines body and, when dealing with the nurse, sang arather lewd song. Today Mercutios song would beconsiderable less appreciated and would more likely get himslapped with sexual harassment charges. However, justbecause society doesnt like something doesnt mean that isdoesnt exist. Even with the progress society has made,there are a lot of dirty jokes still out there. The love in Verona may be a cult. After Romeo seesJuliet at the dance he immediately falls in love with her. He become obsessed with her. Romeo of the Monagues, after asentimental and unrequited languishing after one Rosaline,falls in love at first sight with Juliet, of the Capulets,and instantly instilled enmity of generations is dissipated Wise,5like mist by morning sunshine and love that embraces Julietembraces everything that Juliet touches or that touchesher(Goddard 119). They are both filled with love and itmakes them quest for each other. Romeo and Juliet shared a true love for one another. Both Romeo and Juliet were willing to forsake those thingsthat were important to them for each other. True love isthe most powerful of all in Romeo and Juliet and in the realworld. The nature of love hasnt changed but, with theevolution of our society, its expression has changedslightly. Of all the things is the world, love is the mosttimeless and it is this which makes the story of Romeo andJuliet timeless.

Marketing Study of a Tutorial Services Agency Essays

Marketing Study of a Tutorial Services Agency Essays Marketing Study of a Tutorial Services Agency Essay Marketing Study of a Tutorial Services Agency Essay Marketing study determines the reliability of the entire study. The chapter depicts the past and future demand and supply for the service and analyses to determine the market position of the proposed project. Marketing is defined as the area of management responsible for researching and satisfying customer needs. (University of Auckland Business School, n. d. ) Relevant questions for the study answered by the target market are presented in this chapter.All other aspects affecting the demand and supply are also discussed including accessibility of the location, the sources of marketing demand and supply and the probability of future income for the business. The market share of the proposed project will also be determined on this chapter. There is a need to take into consideration every susceptible aspect of the market because the success of the business greatly depends on satisfying the demand from the customers and the methods used by the business to capitalize on these.Target Market Description The business will be situated at 2nd floor, Tierra Linda Pampangas Best Building, along Jose Abad Santos Avenue, City of San Fernando, Pampanga. City of San Fernando is the capital of Pampanga where a number private schools and establishments are located. The target customers are the elementary students studying in private schools in the City of San Fernando nearest to the location of the office. These are the University of the Assumption, San Lorenzo Ruiz Center for Schools and Studies, Asian Montessori Center, Mary the Queen Academy of Pampanga and Mexico Ecumenical Development Center for Children, Inc.Parents looking for a trustworthy and tr ained tutor can come to the business and have one. Whiz will guarantee that only screened persons, particularly the licensed teachers, fit for the job will be deployed by the business. The trust of the parents to the establishment is the prospect of the proponents so that patronage is maintained all throughout the elementary years of the tutee. 29 University of the Assumption Department of Accountancy Feasibility Study Market Survey for Tutorial Agency Greetings! We are fourth year accountancy students from the University of the Assumption working on our feasibility tudy for agency offering tutorial services. Please help us through filling out this survey form. Kindly put a check mark on your answers. Thank you for your participation. Child’s Information Name: Address: School: Grade Level: Age: Gender: ___ Male ___ Female Questions Related to the Study 1. Do you believe in the improvement that tutorials can bring to your child’s studies? ___ Yes ___ No 2. How many time s in a week should a child take his/her tutoring session? ___ twice ___ weekdays ___ others, specify ___ thrice ___ weekends 30 3. How long should a child spend for each session? __ one hour ___ three hours ___ two hours ___ others, specify 4. How much do you think should be paid for a one hour tutorial session? ___ P200 – P250 ___ P250 – P300 ___P300 – P350 ___ P350 – P400 5. Do you know tutors who are hired through an agency? ___ Yes ___ No 6. Do you have a current tutor for your child? ___ Yes 7. If yes, is the current tutor a teacher? ___ Yes 8. ___ No ___ No If no, will you consider hiring a tutor from an agency for your child to improve his/her academic performance in school? ___ Yes ___ No 9. On summer vacation, will you consider hiring a tutor for your child to get him/her ready for the incoming school year? __ Yes ___ No 10. What summer courses would your child be interested in? ___ Math ___ Science ___ English Proficiency ___ others, specify 31 Survey Summary Survey questionnaires are given to 100 respondents to determine the demand and other information to be considered in the proposed business. The following graphs show the results and analyses of the survey. General Information 55% 45% Male Female Figure 3. 0 Gender Fifty-five (55) of the respondents are female and forty-five (45) are female. San Lorenzo Ruiz Center for Schools and Studies Mexico Ecumenical Development Center for Children, Inc.University of the Assumption Grade School Mary the Queen Academy of Pampanga Asian Montessori Center 5% 23% 11% 24% 37% Figure 4. 0 Schools Thirty-seven percent (37%) of the respondents are students from the University of the Assumption Grade School; twenty-four percent (24%) are from the Mexico Ecumenical Development Center for Children, Inc; twenty-three percent (23%) are from the Asian Montessori Center; eleven percent (11%) are from Mary the Queen Academy of Pampanga and five percent (5%) are from San Lorenzo Ruiz Center for S chools and 32 Studies.The number of respondents for each school are based on the population of their students. Grade I Grade II Grade III Grade IV Grade V Grade VI 11% 18% 6% 18% 25% 22% Figure 5. 0 Grade Level Twenty-five percent (25%) of the respondents are Grade I students, twenty-two percent (22%) are Grade II, both Grade III and Grade IV are eighteen percent (18%), eleven percent (11%) are Grade V and six percent (6%) are Grade VI students. Questions Related to the Study 1. Do you believe in the improvement that tutorials can bring to your child’s studies? 8% 92% Yes No Figure 6. Improvements through the Tutorials This question is asked to know the possible market of the business. Ninety-two percent (92%) of the respondents believe that tutorials bring improvements to the child’s studies and only eight percent (8%) answered no. 2. How many times in a week should a child take his/her tutoring session? 12% 8% 4% 2% 74% Weekdays Thrice Twice Weekends Others Figure 7. 0 Frequencies of Tutorial Sessions 33 The results of this question will be used to determine the number of times per week the business will provide for tutorial sessions.Seventy-four percent (74%) of the respondents choose to have tutorial sessions on weekdays, twelve percent (12%) prefer thrice a week, eight percent (8%) favors two tutorial sessions per week and four percent (4%) choose to have the tutorial sessions during weekends. Two percent of (2%) of the respondents prefer four times or every other day to have the tutorial sessions. 3. How long should a child spend for each session? 0% 18% 4% one hour two hours 78% three hours others Figure 8. 0 Hours per session This will determine the hours the business will provide for each tutorial session.Seventy-eight percent (78%) of the respondents prefers one hour for every session and eighteen percent (18%) choose to have two hours for every tutoring session. Four percent (4%) chooses to have it for thirty to forty-five minutes a se ssion. 4. How much do you think should be paid for a one hour tutorial session? 2% 4% 2% P200 P250 P250 P300 92% P300 P350 P350 P400 Figure 9. 0 Fee for One hour session The question asked will help the business to set the daily and monthly fee for the tutorial services.Ninety-two percent (92%) of the respondents are willing to pay a fee ranging from two hundred to two hundred fifty pesos for a one hour session. Two 34 percent (2%) prefers to pay a fee ranging from two hundred fifty to three hundred pesos, as well as for a fee ranging from three hundred fifty to four hundred pesos. Four percent (4%) are willing to pay three hundred to three hundred fifty pesos for one hour session. 5. Do you know tutors who are hired through an agency? 0% 100% Yes No Figure 10. Agencies for Tutors This question will provide information about existing business which is the same as the proposed business. All of the respondents have no knowledge of an agency that deploys tutors. 6. Do you have a cu rrent tutor for your child? 65% 35% Yes No Figure 11. 0 Current Tutor for Child This is to know the current status of the market. Only thirty-five percent (35%) of the respondents are engaged in tutorial services and the sixty-five percent (65%) who are not, represents a portion of the target market. 5 7. In relation to No. 6, if yes, is the current tutor a teacher? 21% 79% Yes No Figure 12. 0 Teachers as Tutors Seventy-nine percent (79%) of the tutors currently hired by respondents are teachers, the other twenty-one (21%) are not. 8. In relation to No. 6, if no, will you consider hiring a tutor from an agency for your child to improve his/her academic performance in school? 20% 80% Yes No Figure 13. 0 Hiring Tutors through an Agency This is important to determine the demand for the proposed business.Eighty percent (80%) of the respondents who are not engaged in tutorial services are willing to consider hiring tutors through an agency which provides a favorable demand. 9. On summer vacation, will you consider hiring a tutor for your child to get him/her ready for the incoming school year? 14% Yes 86% No Figure 14. 0 Summer Services This question will determine the demand of the business during summer. Out of all the respondents, eighty-six percent (86%) consider hiring a tutor during the summer. 36 10. What summer courses would your child be interested in? 7% 40% 40% 3% Math Science English Proficiency others Figure 15. 0 Courses for Summer The results of this question will be used to determine what courses should be offered during summer. Both Math and English Proficiency were selected by forty percent (40%) of the respondents and thirteen percent (13%) chose Science. Seven percent (7%) of the respondents chose courses like Arts and Sports and Filipino. Sources of Marketing Demand Base on the research made, the survey revealed that 52 out of 65 or 80% of the respondents who do not have a tutor consider hiring a tutor from an agency.The interest to avail of th e service was used in measuring the demand. Sources of Marketing Supply Base on the research made, the survey revealed that 50 out of 100 or 50% of the respondents, which are the licensed teachers in the City of San Fernando, Pampanga, are willing to work as a tutor to the agency with all the employment conditions laid out by the researchers. This data will be used by the researchers in measuring the supply and operating capacity of the business. Demand-Supply Analysis Demand Analysis Demand refers to customer’s need of the chosen service. 7 Table 6 Historical Demand School Year 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 Historical Demand (Persons) 880** 900 920 941 962 984* * % of persons who are willing to have a tutor x Number of students in the selected private schools who do not have a tutor = 80% x 1229 = 984 (Refer to survey summary and see appendix for selected private elementary schools) **Base from the data obtained from the selected private element ary schools, there is an average increase of 2. 3% on the number of enrolled elementary students.Previous years= current year demand/ 102. 3% The equation to be used: Y= a + bx Where: ) 38 To compute the projected demand, the Linear Regression Method will be used. One of the applications of this method is the trend line which is used in business analytics to show changes in data over time. Table 7 Computations for Projected Demand School Year 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 X 1 2 3 4 5 ? x= 15 Y 880** 900 920 941 962 ? y=4, 603 xy 880 1800 2760 3764 4810 ? xy=14,014 b= 21 ? x 1 4 9 16 25 5 ) a= 816 Table 8 Projected Demand using the Linear Regression Method (Y) Projected Demand (Persons) 963 984 1, 005 1, 026 1, 047 School Year 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 X 7 8 9 10 11 39 Table 9 Target Market 2013 Number of students in the selected private schools who do not have a tutor 1,229 (x) those who want to avail of tutorial services 80% (x) the assum ed probability of the survey 50% (=) Target Market 2013 492 Refer to survey summary and see appendix for population.Supply Analysis The Whiz Tutorial Services Agency will be located at 2 nd floor of Tierra Linda Building, along Jose Abad Santos Avenue, City of San Fernando, Pampanga where a number of private schools are at nearby area. The researchers used an estimated rate of supply based on the average percentage increase of license teachers per year in the City of San Fernando. Table 10 Computation for 2013 Supply Total population of selected private elementary schools in San Fernando, Pampanga 1,891 (x) % of children who have tutors 35% Total Supply (persons) 662Table 11 Historical Supply School Year 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2102 40 Historical Supply (persons) 622* 630 638 646 654 2012-2013 662 *Based on the data obtained from Department of Education, there is an average 1. 3% increase in yearly supply. Previous years = current year demand/101. 3% The equatio n to be used: Y= a + bx Where: To compute for projected supply, the equation for Linear Regression Method will be used. Table 12 Computations for Projected Supply School Year 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 x 1 2 3 4 5 ? x= 15 Y 622 630 638 646 654 ? = 3,190 xy 622 1,260 1,914 2,584 3,270 ? xy= 9,650 x? 1 4 9 16 25 ? x? = 55 b= 8 a= 614 41 Table 13 Projected Supply Using Linear Regression Method School Year 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 X 7 8 9 10 11 (Y) Projected Supply (Persons) 670 678 686 694 702 Demand-Supply Gap Analysis Table 14 Variance between Historical Demand and Historical Supply Historical School Year Demand (a) 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 880** 900 920 941 962 Historical Supply (b) 622 630 638 646 654 Unsatisfied Demand (c) 258 270 282 295 308 Unsatisfied Percentages (d)=(c)/(a) 29. 2 30. 00 30. 65 31. 35 32. 02 In school year 2007-2008 to 2011-2012, the demand and supply has an average unsatisfied demand of 3 0. 62%. Whiz Tutorial Services Agency will then at least supplement this discrepancy for a certain percentage. 42 Table 15 Variance between Projected Demand and Projected Supply Projected School Year Demand (persons) (a) 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 963 984 1, 005 1, 026 1, 047 Projected Supply (persons) (b) 670 678 686 694 702 Unsatisfied Demand (persons) (c) 293 306 319 332 345 Unsatisfied Percentages (d)=(c)/(a) 30. 3 31. 10 31. 74 32. 36 32. 95 In school year 2013-2014 to 2017-2018, the demand and supply has an average unsatisfied demand of 31. 72%. 43 University of the Assumption Department of Accountancy Feasibility Study Availability of Supply Survey for Tutorial Agency Greetings! We are fourth year accountancy students from the University of the Assumption working on our feasibility study for agency offering tutorial services. Please help us through filling out this survey form. Kindly put a check mark on your answers. Thank you for your participation. G ender: Civil Status: Age:Questions Related to the Study Are you willing to work as a part-time tutor to an agency? ___ Yes ___ No Are you willing to be deployed on the residence of the student to be tutored? (Deployment will be based on the address of the tutee nearest to yours. ) ___ Yes ___ No Are you willing to tutor for one hour each, two grade-schoolers on weekdays (Monday to Friday) for a monthly salary of P5, 000. 00 plus transportation allowance? ___ Yes ___ No 44 Survey Summary Survey questionnaires are given to 100 respondents to determine the possible supply and other information to be considered in the proposed business.The following graph shows the results and analyses of the survey. 50% 50% Yes No Figure 16. 0 Teachers willing to be Hired as Tutors The questions are asked to know the percentage of licensed teachers who are willing to work as part-time tutors to an agency with the conditions of being deployed on the residence of the tutees and a monthly salary of P5, 00 0. 00 plus transportation allowance. Fifty percent of the respondents are willing to be hired as part-time tutor to an agency with the said employment conditions.Table 16 Availability of Supply *Population of licensed elementary teachers in City of San Fernando 671 (x) those who want to work as a part-time tutor to an agency (x) the assumed probability of the survey (=) Available Supply 50% 50% 168 *Data was obtained from the Department of Education City of San Fernando. 45 Table 17 Firm’s Annual Capacity in Person Year 1 Firm’s Maximum Operating Capacity Annual Maximum Capacity in Person (Operating Capacity x 2 tutees) The increase of the capacity is made by comparing the projected demand and availability of supply.The increase in operating capacity is within the availability of supply. Firm’s Market Share The firm’s market share refers to the percentage of total sales of service during a particular period in a geographical area. The equation for the com putation of the firm’s market share is as follows: Market Share = X 100% Table 18 Computation for the Firm’s Market Share Year 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 Computation x 100% x 100% x 100% x 100% x 100% Market Share 10. 7% 11. 72% 12. 72% 13. 68% 14. 60% 80 90 100 110 120 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 40 45 50 55 60 46 Based on the computation, the firm has an estimated average market share of 12. 68% within its five years of operation. Table 19 Projected Service Revenue (2013 – 2014) Services Offered Regular Services Summer Services Total Service Revenue Firm’s Capacity (in person) Price per month Number of Months Projected Service Revenue P4, 000, 000. 00 80 P5, 000. 00 10 80 P5, 000. 00 2 P800, 000. 0 P4, 800, 000. 00 Marketing Program and System Market Philosophies and Tasks The researchers will employ the marketing concept in conducting the marketing activities to entice the target market. Marketing concept (NetMBA, n. d. ) fo cuses on customers’ needs and wants and ends at creating long-term customer relationship by providing the desired satisfaction more effectively than competitors do. Thus, through the marketing concept, the organization will be benefited in the long run.Marketing Mix Strategies The business will attempt to generate a positive response from the target market by blending the marketing mix variables in an optimal manner. Product mix strategy- as a service business, the management will make sure that only quality service will be provided to the customers by effectively screening qualified tutors for the job. As such, only licensed teachers will be accepted as tutors. The kind of 47 service that the firm will provide shall determine the customer engagement with the business.Promotion mix strategy- long-term engagement of the customers’ with the business is the aim of the business. Market Timing and Scheduling Strategies Introduction stage- for the first year of the operatio n, the business is expected to generate income, but on an unhurriedly trend or even operate with a loss because of pre-operating expenses, until the market becomes fully aware of the business. Extensive marketing will be employed in order increase market awareness of the services offered by the business as well as the benefits that can be derived there from. Growth stage- the second year up to third will be the growth stage of the business. The business will try to generate more revenues in order to cover up the losses, if any, during the first year of operation. Thus, the overall service that the business will provide shall keep the loyalty of the customers in order to realize the same. Maturity stage- from the start of the fourth year of operations, the business will mature with respect to loyal customers and the generation of income. It is said that during this stage, competitors begin to arise. Decline stage- depends ntil when the business will consistently earn income; but si nce education is necessary, opportunities are continuously seen by the proponents. However, remarketing is necessary in order to effectively lengthen the life to the business. Marketing Strategies To be successful in markets in which economic growth has leveled and in which there exist many competitors, a well-developed marketing strategy is required. Building the business around the profitable satisfaction of customer needs will help achieve success. The following strategies will be applied: 48 Promotional devices such as streamers, banners, tarpaulins, leaflets, calling cards, and stickers will be distributed. Marketing advertisements on the social networking sites. Market Risk Factors that may affect the proposed project will be the current and future competitors. At present, there is no similar business in the area, but the teachers employed in the schools of the target market are perceived to be the competitors themselves, as well as the current tutors of the students. On this matter, the proponents consider offering employment to the teachers.Through this, the business will be effectively advertised to the students, thus increasing the demand and earning a reasonable profit. The teachers will be attracted to the offer because it will only be a part-time job and they will have a source of income even during summer breaks. The business assumes its competitive edge of hiring only licensed teachers who are trustworthy and trained over the said competitors. Marketing Mix When marketing the services of the firm, the business needs to create a successful mix of the service, price, place, and promotion.These variables are the parameters that the business can control subject to the internal and external constraints of the marketing environment. The goal is to make decisions that center the said factors on the target market in order to create a perceived value and generate a positive response. Service Every parent would want their child to achieve a better academ ic performance. Setting aside genetic factors, supervision and tutorial play a big part in realizing the same. Education has always been given importance because it is believed that it will be the stepping stone to one’s success.By these, people will continue to value education, giving the business an opportunity to satisfy the customer’s needs. 49 Price Price is the one that creates revenue all the other marketing mix variables are costs. Research about the markets opinions on pricing is important as it will indicate how the service is valued and how much the market is willing to pay for it. In theory, price is really determined by the discovery of what customers perceive is the value of the service to be provided.The pricing strategy that the business will adopt will be one that can compete with the existing rates in the market. Promotion Promotion is the process of communicating to customers. It will provide information that will assist the market in making the dec ision of availing the service. Successful promotion will increase revenues and as such, advertising and other costs are spread over. Increased promotional activity will enable the business to develop and build-up a succession of messages and can be extremely cost-effective. 50

Strategy in Strategic Planning with Biblical Principles Assignment

Strategy in Strategic Planning with Biblical Principles - Assignment Example e one that imposes order inside a firm, and in case the strategy proves to be a useless one, then the managers should take their time to know why it failed. Additionally, a company should lay emphasis on its major strengths, look out for new prospects and manage its change process in an aggressive manner (Burgelman, 2002). From a biblical perspective, various questions have been raised as to whether a Christian is capable of adding value to an organization, and whether the strategic plans that a Christian proposes are different from those of non-Christians. It is not yet clear whether Christians adopt their own strategies or whether they make their decisions out of the influence of the secular business models. However, from the perspective of faith-based models, it is evident that a Christian strategic leader is different from a non-Christian counterpart since he is believed to be called upon by God to play his role. A Christian manager is unique since the motives and assumptions that he makes are driven by the different overview that he has regarding the world (Haskins & Smith, 2004). Therefore, based on the different worldviews that the two parties portray, then these people are expected to make decisions that differ from each other in an

Build team effectiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Build team effectiveness - Essay Example Ineffective teams have low unity of purpose; the group members show a great deal of indifference, disagreements are dealt with ineffectively. To build team in a new team that has never worked each team member must engage themselves in a number of team building activities that will assess the strengths and improvement opportunities of the new members of a team, and thereafter formulate and implement plans designed to increase the overall effectiveness of a team (Parker and Kropp, viii). According to Heinemann and Zeiss (79), conflict is considered to be part of group development. Without effective conflict management mechanisms, conflicts between the members of a group can result in hostility, anger and misunderstandings. The members of a team are encouraged to not suppress their discomfort as suppressed or unresolved conflict can serve to increase hostility in team in addition to greatly polarizing the team members. Team leaders on the other hand should ensure that they create an atmosphere where the team members can be able to express their discomfort or give their opinion. The leaders can also employ the use of some of the conflict management styles such as accommodating, compromising and competing method where suitable to resolve conflict in the team. For a team to be highly effective, it must first set goals that are designed to be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time bond. As much as possible, all the team members should be allowed to make their input during the designing and wording of these goals. Individual team members should consistently communicate with each other to ensure that all the members are able to receive and understand similar information pertaining to the group. The team leader should work to ensure that the team is well staffed, each members understands the purpose of the group as well as their respective roles within the group. In addition to this the group leader should be able to

Serum-hepatocyte Growth Factor (S-HGF) in Diagnosis of SPNs

Serum-hepatocyte Growth Factor (S-HGF) in Diagnosis of SPNs Value of hepatocyte growth factor in the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules[F1] Haixin Yu, Yan Wang*, Wenduan Ma, Haixiang Yu, Shengtao Shang Abstract Purpose: To evaluate serum-hepatocyte growth factor (S-HGF) in the differentiation of solitary pulmonary nodules(SPNs)[F2].[F3] Methods: The study comprised 42 serum samples from SPN patients and 10 healthy samples as control. The HGF was measured by the commercially available immunoassay[F4].[F5] Serum levels of HGF of 42 patients with SPN was measured by ELISA kit, and compared with the control group of 10 normal subjects. The nodules were diagnosed by operation and pathology. Results: The median level of S-HGF was 180( range from 100 to 300) pg/ ml in the healthy control group, 165( range from 100 to 400) pg/ ml in benign SPNs group and while 395( range from 100 to 1550) pg/ ml in malignant SPNs group, The S-HGF mean level of malignant group was significantly higher than the with significant difference observed between the malignant group and control group(P. Moreover, the malignant group was also significantly higher than the , and between the malignant group and the benign group(Pwhile no significant difference between the benign , but not between the benign group and the control group(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05). Furthermore, the S-HGF was also shown no statistically significant difference was observed(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05) in different pathologic types of the limited number of lung cancer patients.In addition, when S-HGF in different pathologic types of the limited number of lung cancer patients were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed (Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05). Conclusion: S-HGF is valuable in the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules. It was suggest that the patients with SPNs should consider an operation when the S-HGF level ≠¥250pg/ml, and malignant SPNs are highly suspected while S-HGF level ≠¥400pg/ml, surgical intervention should be taken immediately.S-HGF is valuable in the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules. An elevated S-HGF level≠¥250pg/ml in patients with SPNs may strongly speak for malignant nodules and operation is suggested. If S-HGF level ≠¥400pg/ml, malignant SPNs are highly suspected, active surgical intervention should be taken. Key words: diagnosis, hepatocyte growth factor, solitary pulmonary nodule, NSCLClung cancer 1. Introduction The solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) is a single mass in the lung less than or equal to 3 cm in diameter, without concomitant pneumonia and atelectasis of involved lung segments and lobes [1]. In the general population, it’s reported that approximately 5% of SPN patients show lung cancer by radiology [2], which is considered one of the most common forms of cancer with a high death incidence ratio in the world [3]. Diagnoses of benign and malignant SPN has been concerned and become a challenge in these decades [4, 5]. Therefore, it is utmost important to improve the method in the characterization of SPNs[6].   With the development of modern medical science and technology, several detecting and monitoring method were used in screening the SPNs and lung cancer [2, 7, 8], Momen[9] et al. have compared three detection methods for identifying malignant SPNs for the sensitivity and specificity. The positron emission tomography (PET) imaging was consistently higher (80 to 100%) for its sensitivity, while was with lower specificity and larger variation (40 to 100%). Also, they found the similar results in dynamic CT with enhancement (sensitivity, 98 to 100%; specificity, 54 to 93%). In studies of CT-guided needle biopsy, sensitivity and specificity performed excellent, but nondiagnostic results were seen approximately 20%. Dalli[8] et al. also showed the similar result in 2013. While Carsten[10] et al. suggested that routine flexible bronchoscopy should be included in the pre-operative work-up of patients with SPNs in his study. Even so, it seems to find a better detection method of long cancer an d characterization of SPNs is still necessary. Serum-hepatocyte growth factor (S-HGF, Serum-HGF) is an important fibroblast-secreted protein that mediates development and progression of cancers[11]. Nagio et al. [12] gave the evidence that the S-HGF levels of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were significantly higher than those of patients with benign SPNs and healthy subjects. Ujiie et al[13] had proved that the levels of HGF in serum could be used as prognostic indicators of the patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing surgery and chemotherapy. Kasahara et al. [14] found that higher HGF levels were significantly associated with a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma. The expression level of S-HGF could be a sensitive indicator and an independent biomarker for evaluating the therapeutic effects and the prognosis in patients with lung cancer. Therefore, we give the hypothesis that S-HGF may be a potential targ et in diagnoses of benign and malignant SPNs associated with lung cancer. In our study, we used Enzyme linked immunospot assay (ELISA) method to detect the S-HGF levels between different serum samples from SPNs patients and healthy subjects. The solitary pulmonary nodule(SPN) is defined as a round opacity ≠¤3 cm in diameter surrounded by lung parenchyma[1].There should be no associated with hilar lymphadenopathy, atelectasis, pneumonia or chest wall pathologies. With more importance attached to physical examination and the development of medical imaging examination technology, the detection rate of SPN is on the increase. In the general population, approximately 5% of all SPNs shown by radiology are reported to be carcinomas[2]. In eight large trials of lung cancer screening, Momen et al[3] have compared the sensitivity and specificity in three detection methods for identifying malignant SPNs. The sensitivity of PET imaging was consistently high (80 to 100%), whereas specificity was lower and more variable (40 to 100%). They found similar results in dynamic CT with enhancement(sensitivity, 98 to 100%; specificity, 54 to 93%).In studies of CT-guided needle biopsy, sensitivity and specificity were excellent, but nondiagnostic results were seen approximately 20% of the time. Carsten et al[4], in a study of 225 patients with SPN of unknown origin, observed that the bronchoscopic biopsy results were positive in 84(46.5%) patients with lung cancer. The differential diagnosis between malignant and benign solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) is always a difficult point in clinical practice. In this study, we inv estigate the clinical significance of the serum level of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) in patients with SPNs. 2. Methods 2.1. Patients According to the definition, inclusion criteria was setà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ 1à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °On computed tomography (CT), SPN is a round opacity ≠¤3 cm in diameter surrounded by lung parenchyma.à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ 2à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °There should be no associated with hilar lymphadenopathy, atelectasis, pneumonia or chest wall pathologies.à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ 3à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °Regardless of age and gender. In consideration of some influences, exclusion criteria was setà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡(1)Inflammation or infection within a month. (2)Surgery or trauma within 6 months. (3)Various liver diseases. (4)Chronic renal failure. (5)Arteriosclerosis. (6)Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. (7)Diabetes mellitus. The case group included 42 patients with SPNs, mean age 60.7 years (range, 42 to 72). Besides, 10 healthy adult subjects were chosen as control. 2.2. Specimen collection The morning fasting venous blood of all subjects was collected in sterile polypropylene tubes, containing ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and immediately centrifuged at 400rpm for 10min. Then, the plasma was stored at -70 °C until the assays were performed. 2.3. Assay for S-HGF We used Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) to measure S-HGF. The HGF monoclonal antibody and standard substance for the assays were purchased from American RD systems. Goat-anti-human HGF polyclonal antibody as the primary antibody and donkey-anti-goat IgG polyclonal antibody labeled with horseradish peroxidase as the secondary antibody were both purchased from British biotech company Abcam. 2.4. Pathological diagnoses All the 42 patients with SPNs were pathological diagnosed postoperatively. 12 cases were benign nodules(4/12 were tuberculoma, 6/12 were inflammatory pseudotumor, 2/12 were hamartoma) and 30 cases were malignant nodules(17/30 were adenocarcinoma, 13/30 were squamous carcinoma). 2.5. Statistical methods All data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Because the measured data manifested as skewed distribution, geometrical mean Gà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ logG ±sà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °was calculated in each group after logarithmic transformation had been carried out on each datum. Then, Students t test was performed on both sides. Differences were considered statistically significant at Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…“0.05. 3. Result The S-HGF data measured of healthy control group, benign SPNs group and malignant SPNs group is shown in Table 1Table 1 are the measured S-HGF data of healthy control group, benign SPNs group and malignant SPNs group. All the data manifest as skewed distribution(All Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…“0.05). Geometrical mean Gà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ logG ±sà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °was calculated in each group after logarithmic transformation had been carried out on each datum(Table 2). TABLE 1 The S-HGF levelà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ pg/mlà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ° of healthy control group, benign SPNs group and malignant SPNs group. TABLE 2 The comparison of S-HGF level of each group after logarithmic transformation had been carried out on each datum. aBenign SPNs group vs healthy control group, Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05 bMalignant SPNs group vs healthy control group, Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…“0.05 cMalignant SPNs group vs benign SPNs group, Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…“0.05 The S-HGF level of benign SPNs group compared with the healthy control group, there were no significant differences (Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05). The S-HGF levels of malignant SPNs group were significantly higher than those of healthy control group(Psignificant differences (Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05, Table 3). TABLE 3 The comparison of S-HGF level of adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma aSquamous carcinoma vs adenocarcinoma, Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05 4. Discussion Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) from the serum of hepatectomized rats was first partially purified and described by Nakamura in 1984[15]. HGF receptor encoded by the c-met proto-oncogene is a member of the tyrosine kinase class of cell surface receptors. As a kind of cytokine, the hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) has widely biological activities, including regeneration, antifibrosis, cytoprotection, and differentiation[16]. Moreover, HGF is a predominant fibroblast-derived factor that stimulates mitogenesis, motogenesis, and the invasion and metastasis of human carcinoma cells [17]. The growth and metastasis of tumors depend on angiogenesis which is the result of the imbalance of promoters and inhibitors. The S-HGF levels in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were found to be slightly higher than those in normal subjects[18]. So the patients with various liver and gall diseases were first excluded. So far, some studies showed the S-HGF levels were significantly increased in patients with Inflammation, infection, underwent surgery or trauma. Therefore, the patients with inflammation or infection within a month and the patients underwent surgery or trauma within 6 months were both excluded. Johanna et al. [19] had concluded that patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) have a systemic HGF profile reflecting a chronic inflammatory condition with high concentration, but low biological activity, of HGF. Therefore, the patient samples with CRF were also excluded. The S-HGF levels in patients with arteriosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and diabetes mellitus were reported to be significantly higher than that in healthy population. So, the patients with these diseases were excluded as well. Tsao et al.[20] showed the HGF messenger RNA(mRNA) and protein were predominantly expressed by the tumor cells in a high percentage of primary NSCLC. Our study showed serum of the healthy control group contained trace amounts of S-HGF, the S-HGF levels of the patients with benign SPNs were nearly close to the healthy control group(PHGF levels of the patients with malignant SPNs were significantly higher than the healthy control group(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05) and the benign SPNs group(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05). It illustrated that the high level of S-HGF was associated with lung cancer. And it was further confirmed that S-HGF could be expressed by the carcinoma cells in NSCLC. The S-HGF levels of part of patients with squamous carcinoma in the malignant SPNs group were observed to be higher(à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾700pg/ml) and the S-HGF statistical analysis by the statistical difference between the squamous carcinoma group and adenocarcinoma group, for the S-HGF, the median level of the squamous carcinoma group was 370(100-1500)pg/ml while the adenocarcinoma group was 420(100-1550)pg/ml, no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). No further conclusions could be made, in case of the number limitation of the samples. The result confirmation should be amortized awaits further research. Further analysis of the 20 patients with high levels of S-HGF(≠¥250pg/ml), there are 3 patients(15%) with benign SPNs and 17 patients(85%) with malignant SPNs. Furthermore, for the 20 patients, the result shows that 1 patients (6.25%) with benign SPNs and 15 patients (93.75%) with malignant SPNs in the 16 patients with high levels of S-HGF(≠¥400pg/ml), It reveals that an elevated S-HGF level ≠¥250pg/ml in patients with SPNs are more likely to be malignant and when the S-HGF level ≠¥400pg/ml, malignant SPNs are highly suspected. Conclusion In conclusion, our study shows significant in the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) for the S-FGF assay. The S-HGF levels of malignant SPNs group are significantly higher than the healthy control group(P SPNs group(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…“0.05). The differences between benign SPNs group and healthy control group have no statistically significant(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05). An elevated S-HGF level ≠¥250pg/ml in patients with SPNs are more likely to be malignant, surgical therapy should be considered. If S-HGF level ≠¥400pg/ml, malignant SPNs are highly suspected, surgical intervention is recommended without delay. Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) from the serum of hepatectomized rats was partially purified and described by Nakamura for the first time in 1984. HGF receptor encoded by the c-met proto-oncogene is a member of the tyrosine kinase class of cell surface receptors. As a kind of cytokine, the hepatocyte growth factor( HGF) has widely biological activities, including regeneration, antifibrosis, cytoprotection, and differentiation[5]. Moreover, HGF is a predominant fibroblast-derived factor that stimulates mitogenesis, motogenesis, and the invasion and metastasis of human carcinoma cells[6]. The growth and metastasis of tumors depend on angiogenesis which is the result of the imbalance of promoters and inhibitors. Sengupta et al[7] had demonstrated that HGF/SF could induce angiogenesis independently of VEGF, possibly through the direct activation of the Akt and ERKs. The S-HGF levels in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were found to be slightly higher than those in normal subjects[8]. So the patients with various liver and gall diseases were first excluded. So far, some studies have found the S-HGF levels were significantly increased in patients with Inflammation or infection, or underwent surgery or trauma. Therefore, the patients with inflammation or infection within a month and the patients underwent surgery or trauma within 6 months were both excluded. Johanna et al[9] had concluded that patients with CRF have a systemic HGF profile reflecting a chronic inflammatory condition with high concentration, but low biological activity, of HGF. Therefore, the patients with CRF were also excluded. The S-HGF levels in patients with arteriosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and diabetes mellitus were reported to be significantly higher than that in healthy population. So, the patients with these diseases were all excluded. Tsao et al[10] had showed that HGF messenger RNA(mRNA) and protein were predominantly expressed by the tumor cells in a high percentage of primary NSCLC. It indicated in our research that the serum of the healthy control group only contained trace amounts of S-HGF, the levels of S-HGF of the patients with benign SPNs were close to those of the healthy control group(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05) and the benign SPNs group(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05). It illustrated the fact that high level of S-HGF was associated with lung cancer. And, it was further confirmed that S-HGF could be expressed by the carcinoma cells in NSCLC. In addition, Nagio et al[11] had proved that the levels of S-HGF of patients with SCLC were significantly higher than those of patients with benign SPNs and healthy subjects. The levels of S-HGF of a portion of patients with squamous carcinoma in the malignant SPNs group were observed to be higher(à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾700pg/ml) and statistical analysis was conducted to fond the statistical difference of S-HGF between the squamous carcinoma group and the adenocarcinoma group. The S-HGF median of the squamous carcinoma group was 370(100-1500)pg/ml and the adenocarcinoma group was 420(100-1550)pg/ml, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups(P>0.05). No firm conclusions could be made, possibly due to the limited number of cases. It is of concern and remains to be further studied. Further analysis was taken in 20 patients with high levels of S-HGF(≠¥250pg/ml), 3 patients(15%) had benign SPNs and 17 patients(85%) had malignant SPNs. Further observation was made, among the 20 patients, there were 16 patients with high levels of S-HGF(≠¥400pg/ml), 1 patients(6.25%) had benign SPNs and 15 patients(93.75%) had malignant SPNs. It reveals that an elevated S-HGF level ≠¥250pg/ml in patients with SPNs are more likely to be malignant and if S-HGF level ≠¥400pg/ml, malignant SPNs are highly suspected. Ujiie et al[11] had proved that the levels of HGF in serum could be useful prognostic indicators of the survival of patients with stage III NSCLC undergoing surgery and chemotherapy. Kasahara et al[12] had shown that higher HGF levels were significantly associated with a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma. The expression level of S-HGF could be a sensitive indicator and an independent judgement standard for evaluating the therapeutic effects and the prognosis in patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, understanding the role of HGF in the tumor progression may help in designing new therapeutic strategies for lung cancer. In conclusion, the assay for S-HGF may be of some significance in the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign solitary pulmonary nodules(SPNs). The S-HGF levels of malignant SPNs group were significantly higher than those of healthy control group(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…“0.05). The differences between benign SPNs group and healthy control group had no statistically significant(Pà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¾0.05). An elevated S-HGF level ≠¥250pg/ml in patients with SPNs are more likely to be malignant, surgical therapy should be suggested. If S-HGF level ≠¥400pg/ml, malignant SPNs are highly suspected, active surgical intervention should be taken. References 1.  Hansell, D.M., et al., Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology, 2008. 246(3): p. 697-722[à ¥Ã‚ ¼Ã‚  Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ª13]. 2.  Klein, J.S. and M.A. Zarka, Transthoracic needle biopsy: an overview. J Thorac Imaging, 1997. 12(4): p. 232-49. 3.  Siegel, R., D. Naishadham, and A. Jemal, Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin, 2012. 62(1): p. 10-29. 4.  Cao, C., et al., A meta-analysis of unmatched and matched patients comparing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy and conventional open lobectomy. Ann Cardiothorac Surg,2012. 1(1): p. 16-23. 5.  Zhan, P., Q. Qian, and L.K. Yu, Prognostic value of COX-2 expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thorac Dis, 2013. 5(1): p. 40-7. 6.  Tong, X., et al., [Clinical experience of the treatment of solitary pulmonary nodules with da vinci surgical system]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi, 2014. 17(7): p. 541-4. 7.  Aberle, D.R., et al., Results of the two incidence screenings in the National Lung Screening Trial. N Engl J Med, 2013. 369(10): p. 920-31. 8.  Dalli, A., et al., Diagnostic value of PET/CT in differentiating benign from malignant solitary pulmonary nodules. J BUON, 2013. 18(4): p. 935-41. 9.  Wahidi, M.M., et al., Evidence for the treatment of patients with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer?: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest, 2007. 132(3 Suppl): p. 94S-107S. 10.  Schwarz, C., et al., Value of flexible bronchoscopy in the pre-operative work-up of solitary pulmonary nodules. Eur Respir J, 2012. 41(1): p. 177-82. 11.  Ma, D.C., et al., [Hepatocyte growth factor did not enhance the effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on cardiac repair in a porcine acute myocardial infarction model]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi, 2006. 34(2): p. 119-22. 12.  Takigawa, N., et al., Serum hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor levels in small cell lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer, 1997. 17(2-3): p. 211-8. 13.  Ujiie, H., et al., Serum hepatocyte growth f